Research by Christopher W. Barney*, Carey E. Dougan, Kelly R. McLeod*, Amir Kazemi-Moridani, Yue Zheng, Ziyu Ye, Sacchita Tiwari, Ipek Sacligil*, Robert A. Riggleman, Shengqiang Cai, Jae-Hwang Lee, Shelly R. Peyton, Gregory N. Tew*, and Alfred J. Crosby* was recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. This perspective aims to foster collaboration between the biology, chemistry, materials, and mechanics communities and guide discussion by defining a common core of high-priority goals while highlighting emerging opportunities in the field of cavitation rheology.